

What's Happening When a Character 'Comes to Life'?
Characters ‘taking on a life of their own’ is a refrain I have heard from both amateur and professional writers. Even highly experienced writers have commented on occasion that a particular character has taken them in an unexpected direction in a story they were writing. What’s happening here? To some extent, the whole idea that a character ‘comes alive’ and does things of his or her own accord plays into the myth that a character in fiction is a kind of living being, and


A Word on Criticism and Courage
You have only to spend a short amount of time with writers, perhaps in writers’ groups or personally, to realise that most of them are terrified of criticism. Sometimes, they are so full of fear that they haven’t even admitted to themselves that they are writers, and the thoughts that they scribble down in their own time are not considered to be potential works of fiction for others to read, but a kind of therapy, inwardly directed, never to be viewed by another. It’s a hug


The Super-Conscious Mind
Just as Tolkien used the entire mythos of Middle-earth to assist him in processing what he had witnessed in the First World War and in his life overall, many writers use their writing as a kind of therapy or way of addressing deep, partly-glimpsed concerns about the world. I’m not suggesting that anyone’s writing is necessarily a form of psychoanalysis. My own view is that, as well as an ‘unconscious mind’, we have a higher level of mental function which I’ll term a ‘super-


A Quick Word on Horror Stories
Horror stories belong in the Irony quadrant of my genre circle, as outlined in my book How Stories Really Work . Irony - and its subset horror - draw their power from two main sources: 1. The expectations arising from the conventional tropes of the Epic genre, in which events are presented as real and external and the subjective state of the characters (and thus of the audience) is less a focus than the outward action and movement of the story. Epics place a great emphasi


What's the Point of an 'Elf'?
I recently had a writer contact me to ask about his use of elves in various stories that he was working on. He was wondering in particular about the ‘trope’ of ‘elves’ and whether or not readers were tired of them; he also had questions about whether to combine characters from various stories into one. This is more or less what I wrote in reply: It might help to step back from the tropes and conventions and ask ‘What exactly am I trying to accomplish with this thing called


Finding Your 'Tribe', Part Three
Marketing is an area of being a writer which has never been fully cracked by many. Traditional publishing usually took on this role, and in fact marketing was largely why they thrived. But with the arrival of the Golden Age of Independent Publishing, writers found themselves having to market their own work once it was done. And many, many writers struggle terribly with it. What eludes them is that marketing is actually part of what they are doing as a writer. They are takin


Finding Your Tribe, Part Two
Having established who you really are, what you are really interested in, and what a group of people like that might look like in Part One, let’s take a look at how to get in touch with them. The answer is literally staring you in the face. Hold your own life up to the mirror. Where are you right now? Where would you like to be? Where do you hang out whenever you can? Look at your own weekly, monthly and yearly timetables and calendars. What do you do during the week th


Finding Your 'Tribe', Part One
There’s probably least one person in the world who would give you one hundred thousand pounds as a gift if they had it. Or at least you can imagine that there might be. They would be your biggest fan. And then there are people who have never heard of you and who wouldn’t dream of giving you any money, even if you offered them something valuable in exchange. In between, there is a whole spectrum of different groups, one of which has been described in marketing as your ‘tri



